3PLR – BAMIDELE AND ANOTHER V ADEYEMI AND OTHERS

POLICY, PRACTICE AND PUBLISHING, LAW REPORTS  3PLR

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ALHAJI SHITTU BAMIDELE AND ANOR.

V.

ADERINOLA ADEYEMI AND 6 OTHERS

FEDERAL SUPREME COURT OF NIGERIA

FSC. 315/1962

15TH MARCH, 1963

3PLR/1963/40  (FSC)

OTHER CITATIONS

CWLR (1963) 9

BEFORE HIS LORDSHIPS:

SIR LIONEL BRETT, F.J. (Presided)

SIR VAHE BAIRAMIAN, F.J. (Read the Judgment of the Court)

GEORGE BAPTIST AYODOLA COKER, AG. F.J.

BETWEEN:

1. ALHAJI SHITTU BAMIDELE
2. SHITTU ALAKA

AND

1. ADERINOLA ADEYEMI
2. JEJELOLA ADEYEMI
3. MORILI ADEYEMI
4. MUFUTAU ADEYEMI
5. IDIATU ADEYEMI
6. AWULATU ADEYEMI
7. AKINADE ADEYEMI

REPRESENTATION

1. KOLAWOLE – for the Appellants.
2. O. AKINRELE – for the Respondents.

MAIN ISSUES

TORT AND PERSONAL INJURIES LAW: – Fatal motor accident occasioning death – Claim for compensation by dependants of deceased person – Negligence – Need to prove liability arising from negligence

MOTOR VEHICLE AND TRANSPORT LAW: – Negligent use of highway – Lorry driver in collision with cyclist– Relevant consideration in establishing negligence – Need to prove same

CHILDREN AND WOMEN: – Fatal Accident – Proceeding for award of compensation for the benefit of children and wives of deceased person – Need to establish liability of defendants – relevant considerations

PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – APPEAL: – Improper use of document not proved by trial court – Proper order for appellate court to make – When retrial will be the proper order by appellate court

PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – EVIDENCE: – Improper use of document by trial court – Effect on judgment of trial court

MAIN JUDGMENT

BAIRAMIAN.F.J. [ DELIVERING THE LEAD JUDGMENT]:-

In this appeal the defendants in the Ibadan Suit No. 1/288/61 complain of the judgment given on the 30th March, 1962, awarding damages to the plaintiffs, of whom two are described as wives and the others as children of Isiaka Adeyemi, on the ground that through the negligent driving of the 2nd defendant, the driver in the service of the 1st defendant, the owner, the lorry swerved from the road and collided with a tree, whereby Adeyemi was killed.

The plaintiffs’ allegations in their Statement of Claim were denied, save that the driver admitted that Adeyemi was a passenger in the lorry.

There were various objections to the judgment on appeal; that the first two plaintiffs who claimed to be wives did not prove they were with that degree of proof which is laid down in Lawal and OTHERS. v. Youman and OTHERS.[1961] All N.R.,245, at 251, in the judgment of the Federal Supreme Court; see also the report of the judgment at first instance, in (1959) W.N.T,.R., 155; that a sketch of the sense of the accident was admitted though not produced by the police constable who had made it; that the post mortem report was put in without any evidence to verify it; and some other objections besides; but here, in view of that will be proposed, one point only will be discussed.

The driver gave evidence in his defence, in which the said that a cyclist ran across the road, and not wishing to hit the cyclist, he swerved and collided with the tree. He was cross-examined on a statement he had made to the police; he denied making any statement and disowned the signature on the statement shown to him; it was read out to him, and he said it was not his. That explanation had not been pleaded, but leave was given, in the course of counsel’s closing speech, to amend the defence and plead it. This passage deals with the point in the judgment:

“He further testified that he was at the moment of impact, driving in third gear, and that the cyclist was 20 ft. away when he first saw him.

If I accept the story of the 2nd Defendant as true, he could be exonerated from all blame

But after hearing all the evidence and seeing the 2nd defendant testify, I am unable to accept his explanation as true. Furthermore, I fail to understand how he could be driving a 5 ton Lorry in third gear and was unable to avoid a Cyclist that he first saw about 20 ft. away without this mishap. Furthermore this defence was not pleaded in any shape or form whatever, in the Statement of Defence. His statement to the Police, made soon after he was well enough to make one, did not mention this explanation. If this explanation was true, it would have been the first thing he would have mentioned and it might have been possible for some sort of check to have been made by investigation.”

Now the trial judge used that statement, which was not proved to be a statement made by the 2nd defendant and which he denied as a means of discrediting his evidence on a point which would have exonerated him. It has been argued for the plaintiffs that the trial judge would have disbelieved him anyway, even without the test of the statement, for other reasons for disbelieving him were also given in the judgment. We cannot say. We are faced with a flaw in the consideration of the vital issue of negligence, and the only proper course is to have a fresh trial.

The parties should be at liberty to put in fresh pleadings and adduce whatever evidence may be needed on the issues raised. One hopes that things will be done better in that regard. One also hopes that the new judgement will give some light on the method used for assessing damages, if the plaintiffs succeed: the judgment under appeal gives no clue, and both sides found it hard to say anything useful on appeal.

I would allow the appeal and propose:-

That the appeal be allowed and the judgment or 30th March, 1962, in Suit 1/288/1961 of the High Court of the Western Region, be set aside, and that it is hereby ordered that there shall be a new trial before another judge, with liberty to have fresh pleadings, with forty guineas as costs of appeal allowed to the defendants, and forty guineas as costs in the court below.

BRETT, F.J.: I concur.

COKER, Ag. F.J.: I concur.